PhD Scientific Days 2024

Poster Session P - Conservative Medicine

Assessment of carbohydrate imbalances and sleep-disordered breathing in children with overweight or obesity

Text of the abstract

Introduction: Childhood obesity has become an international health-related problem, and its prevalence is still increasing worldwide. The causal links between carbohydrate homeostasis and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children are poorly understood.
Aims: We hypothesized that obese or overweight children who have SDB might have an increased risk for carbohydrate metabolism disturbances.
Methods: Our prospective study started in September 2023, and patients were enrolled voluntarily from our Endocrinology Department. Enrolled patients underwent a one-night polysomnography (PSG) with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in addition to the routine examinations. The CGM measured tissue glucose level every 5 minutes for at least 3 days. Time in range (TIR, 3.9-10.0 mmol/l glucose level), time in tight range (TITR, 3.9-7.8 mmol/l) and glucose variability were evaluated based on the CGM results. SDB was defined and diagnosed according to the international guidelines. We used IBM SPSS for statistical analysis, and descriptive statistical analysis was done. Data are reported as mean ±SD or mean (range).
Results: We report an interim analysis of 12 patients (3 girls, 9 boys, age: 11.6 years ± 2.9). BMI SD score was 5.5 (2.2-13.6). During PSG, the transcutan CO2 level was 41.5 Hgmm (36-52). Oxygen saturation was 95.6% (72-97). SDB was diagnosed in 8 cases. The CGM results showed a mean of 99.3 ±1.1% TIR and 92.5± 6.7% TITR. The mean time spent above the tight range was 5.3± 6.8%. The mean glucose variability was 15.3± 3.5%. In 2 cases the TITR was under the normal proportion of time, and the CGM result raised the possibility of a carbohydrate metabolism disorder. In one of the cases, OGTT confirmed the diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance. 4 other patients had normal CGM results but a confirmed carbohydrate metabolism disorder during OGTT.
Conclusions: SDB was found in more than 65% of the children raising awareness of PSG examination in obesity. There are 5 children who had SDB and also had carbohydrate metabolism disorder at the same time. To assess the relationship between carbohydrate metabolism in obesity and SDB further research is needed.
Funding: Hungarian Scientific Research Fund grants FK 129237